Why do we cry?
“Crying is a natural biopsychosocial response. If we think back to our earliest memories, we will most likely remember a time when we cried. Crying is part of our human experience from infancy and signals that we are in emotional overload and pain. There are many different reasons why we cry, especially when we feel powerless or helpless, unable to solve a problem or when we have lost someone important to us. The positive reasons we cry are nearly always the opposite of the well-known negative triggers that evoke crying (e.g., death– birth, separation–reunion, defeat–victory, conflict–harmony).”

What are the mental and physical health benefits of crying?
“Emotional tears are released from our lacrimal glands. They help to communicate feelings when words aren’t enough. If our tears could speak, they would reveal the range of emotions that we carry. Crying can provide relief and gives us an outlet and way of expressing feelings such as sadness, rage, anger, frustration, fear and happiness. Research also tells us that when we cry, our brain releases endorphins and oxytocin. These are our natural painkillers and help to relieve emotional distress and physical pain. Showing our vulnerability to others is also a signal that often invites empathy and comfort. Essentially crying is a way for us to self-soothe and feel better.”

Do you think attitudes to crying are changing?
“In short, yes. We are questioning gender and cultural norms when it comes to emotional expression. This plays a significant role in our individual and collective mental health. It's common to view crying as a sign of vulnerability, leading to feelings of shame. Our attitudes are shaped by our personal beliefs about crying. I think this is where the real change is – to challenge our beliefs around crying, understand where they have come from and whether they still hold true. People frequently apologise for crying, but I believe it's time to stop saying sorry for expressing our emotions.”

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What brings on the waterworks?